Dental Materials
Volume 26, Issue 3 , Pages 264-273 , March 2010

Bond strength and interfacial characterization of eight low fusing porcelains to cp Ti

  • S. Zinelis

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi 115 27, Athens, Greece
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +30 2107461102; fax: +30 2107461306.
  • ,
  • X. Barmpagadaki

      Affiliations

    • Private practice, Athens, Greece
    • Commercial Dental Technician.
  • ,
  • V. Vergos

      Affiliations

    • Department of Dental Technology, School of Health and Care Profession, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Athens, Greece
  • ,
  • M. Chakmakchi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi 115 27, Athens, Greece
  • ,
  • G. Eliades

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi 115 27, Athens, Greece

Received 5 June 2009 ,Revised 24 September 2009 ,Accepted 5 November 2009.

References 

  1. Kaus T, Probster L, Weber H. Clinical follow-up study of ceramic veneered titanium restorations—three-year results. Int J Prosthodont. 1996;9:9–15
  2. Marklund S, Bergman B, Hedlund SO, Nilson H. An intraindividual clinical comparison of two metal–ceramic systems: a 5-year prospective study. Int J Prosthodont. 2003;16:70–73
  3. Nakajima H, Okabe T. Titanium in dentistry: development and research in the U.S.A. Dent Mater J. 1996;15:77–90
  4. Bergman B, Marklund S, Nilson H, Hedlund SO. An intraindividual clinical comparison of 2 metal–ceramic systems. Int J Prosthodont. 1999;12:444–447
  5. Bergman B, Nilson H, Andersson M. A longitudinal clinical study of procera ceramic-veneered titanium copings. Int J Prosthodont. 1999;12:135–139
  6. Walter M, Reppel PD, Boning K, Freesmeyer WB. Six-year follow-up of titanium and high-gold porcelain-fused-to-metal fixed partial dentures. J Oral Rehabil. 1999;26:91–96
  7. Wang RR, Fenton A. Titanium for prosthodontic applications: a review of the literature. Quintessence Int. 1996;27:401–408
  8. Eliopoulos D, Zinelis S, Papadopoulos T. The effect of investment material type on the contamination zone and mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium castings. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;94:539–548
  9. Zinelis S. Effect of pressure of helium, argon, krypton, and xenon on the porosity, microstructure, and mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium castings. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;84:575–582
  10. Lovgren R, Andersson B, Carlsson GE, Odman P. Prospective clinical 5-year study of ceramic-veneered titanium restorations with the Procera system. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;84:514–521
  11. Adachi M, Mackert JR, Parry EE, Fairhurst CW. Oxide adherence and porcelain bonding to titanium and Ti–6Al–4V alloy. J Dent Res. 1990;69:1230–1235
  12. Kimura H, Horng CJ, Okazaki M, Takahashi J. Oxidation effects on porcelain–titanium interface reactions and bond strength. Dent Mater J. 1990;9:91–99
  13. Wang RR, Fung KK. Oxidation behavior of surface-modified titanium for titanium–ceramic restorations. J Prosthet Dent. 1997;77:423–434
  14. Atsu S, Berksun S. Bond strength of three porcelains to two forms of titanium using two firing atmospheres. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;84:567–574
  15. Pang IC, Gilbert JL, Chai J, Lautenschlager EP. Bonding characteristics of low-fusing porcelain bonded to pure titanium and palladium–copper alloy. J Prosthet Dent. 1995;73:17–25
  16. Probster L, Maiwald U, Weber H. Three-point bending strength of ceramics fused to cast titanium. Eur J Oral Sci. 1996;104:313–319
  17. Nilson H, Bergman B, Bessing C, Lundqvist P, Andersson M. Titanium copings veneered with procera ceramics: a longitudinal clinical study. Int J Prosthodont. 1994;7:115–119
  18. Al Hussaini I, Al Wazzan KA. Effect of surface treatment on bond strength of low-fusing porcelain to commercially pure titanium. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;94:350–356
  19. Kononen M, Kivilahti J. Bonding of low-fusing dental porcelain to commercially pure titanium. J Biomed Mater Res. 1994;28:1027–1035
  20. Yan M, Kao CT, Ye JS, Huang TH, Ding SJ. Effect of preoxidation of titanium on the titanium–ceramic bonding. Surf Coat Technol. 2007;202:288–293
  21. Cai Z, Bunce N, Nunn ME, Okabe T. Porcelain adherence to dental cast CP titanium: effects of surface modifications. Biomaterials. 2001;22:979–986
  22. Troia MG, Henriques GE, Mesquita MF, Fragoso WS. The effect of surface modifications on titanium to enable titanium–porcelain bonding. Dent Mater. 2008;24:28–33
  23. Sadeq A, Cai Z, Woody RD, Miller AW. Effects of interfacial variables on ceramic adherence to cast and machined commercially pure titanium. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;90:10–17
  24. Yamada K, Onizuka T, Endo K, Ohno H, Swain MV. The influence of Goldbonder (TM) and pre-heat treatment on the adhesion of titanium alloy and porcelain. J Oral Rehabil. 2005;32:213–220
  25. Yamada K, Onizuka T, Sumii T, Swain MV. The effect of Goldbonder on the adhesion between porcelain and pure titanium. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31:775–784
  26. Papadopoulos T, Tsetsekou A, Eliades G. Effect of aluminium oxide sandblasting on cast commercially pure titanium surfaces. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 1999;7:15–21
  27. Hammad IA, Talic YF. Designs of bond strength tests for metal–ceramic complexes: review of the literature. J Prosthet Dent. 1996;75:602–608
  28. Yoda M, Konno T, Takada Y, Iijima K, Griggs J, Okuno O, et al. Bond strength of binary titanium alloys to porcelain. Biomaterials. 2001;22:1675–1681
  29. Lee KM, Cai Z, Griggs JA, Guiatas L, Lee DJ, Okabe T. SEM/EDS evaluation of porcelain adherence to gold-coated cast titanium. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2004;68:165–173
  30. ISO 9693 Metal–ceramic dental restorative systems. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization; 1999.
  31. Ozcan I, Uysal H. Effects of silicon coating on bond strength of two different titanium–ceramic to titanium. Dent Mater. 2005;21:773–779
  32. Suansuwan N, Swain MV. Adhesion of porcelain to titanium and a titanium alloy. J Dent. 2003;31:509–518
  33. Chakmakchi M, Eliades G, Zinelis S. Bonding agents of low fusing cpTi porcelains: elemental and morphological characterization. J Prosthodont Res. 2009;53:166–171
  34. Inan O, Acar A, Halkaci S. Effects of sandblasting and electrical discharge machining on porcelain adherence to cast and machined commercially pure titanium. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2006;78:393–400
  35. Shevchencho N, Itin V, Tukhfatullin A. Reaction of stomatological porcelain with titanium and titanium nickelide during sintering. Powder Metall Met C+. 2001;40:42–49
  36. DIN 13927 Metal–ceramic system: German Standard Institution Berlin. Beuth Verlag; 1990.
  37. Lenz J, Schwarz S, Schwickerath H, Sperner F, Schafer A. Bond strength of metal–ceramic systems in three-point flexure bond test. J Appl Biomater. 1995;6:55–64
  38. White SN, Ho L, Caputo AA, Goo E. Strength of porcelain fused to titanium beams. J Prosthet Dent. 1996;75:640–648
  39. Derand T, Hero H. Bond strength of porcelain on cast vs. wrought titanium. Scand J Dent Res. 1992;100:184–188
  40. Korkmaz T, Asar V. Comparative evaluation of bond strength of various metal–ceramic restorations. Mater Des. 2009;30:445–451
  41. Oka K, Hanawa T, Kon M, Lee HH, Kawano F, Tomotake Y, et al. Effect of barium in porcelain on bonding strength of titanium–porcelain system. Dent Mater J. 1996;15:111–120
  42. Zhang H, Guo TW, Li JM, Pan JG, Dang YG, Tong Y. Cr–Ti–Al–N complex coating on titanium to strengthen Ti/porcelain bonding. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2006;26:154–157
  43. Ho WF, Chiang TY, Wu SC, Hsu HC. Mechanical properties and deformation behavior of cast binary Ti–Cr alloys. J Alloy Compd. 2009;468:533–538
  44. Papadopoulos TD, Spyropoulos KD. The effect of a ceramic coating on the cpTi–porcelain bond strength. Dent Mater. 2009;25:247–253
  45. Acar A, Inan O, Halkaci S. Effects of airborne-particle abrasion, sodium hydroxide anodization, and electrical discharge machining on porcelain adherence to cast commercially pure titanium. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2007;82:267–274
  46. Vasquez V, Ozcan M, Nishioka R, Souza R, Mesquita A, Pavanelli C. Mechanical and thermal cycling effects on the flexural strength of glass ceramics fused to titanium. Dent Mater J. 2008;27:7–15
  47. Yilmaz H, Dincer C. Comparison of the bond compatibility of titanium and an NiCr alloy to dental porcelain. J Dent. 1999;27:215–222
  48. Oyafuso DK, Ozcan M, Bottino MA, Itinoche MK. Influence of thermal and mechanical cycling on the flexural strength of ceramics with titanium or gold alloy frameworks. Dent Mater. 2008;24:351–356
  49. Troia MG, Henriques GEP, Nobilo MAA, Mesquita MF. The effect of thermal cycling on the bond strength of low-fusing porcelain to commercially pure titanium and titanium–aluminium–vanadium alloy. Dent Mater. 2003;19:790–796

PII: S0109-5641(09)00339-X

doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.11.004

Dental Materials
Volume 26, Issue 3 , Pages 264-273 , March 2010