Innovations in bonding to zirconia-based materials. Part II: Focusing on chemical interactions

Aboushelib, Moustafa N.; Mirmohamadi, Hesam; Matinlinna, Jukka P.; Kukk, Edwin; Ounsi, Hani F.; Salameh, Ziad

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2009.02.011

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Volume 25, Issue 8 , Pages 989-993, August 2009

Innovations in bonding to zirconia-based materials. Part II: Focusing on chemical interactions

Moustafa N. Aboushelib
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), The Netherlands
- Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt
Hesam Mirmohamadi
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), The Netherlands
Jukka P. Matinlinna
- Nordic Institute of Dental Materials (NIOM), Haslum, Norway
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
- Corresponding author at: University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Science, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, PR China. Tel.: +852 2859 0304; fax: +852 2548 9464.
Edwin Kukk
- Department of Physics, University of Turku, Finland
Hani F. Ounsi
- Research Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Lebanon
Ziad Salameh
- Research Department, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Lebanon
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia

Received 9 May 2008; accepted 23 February 2009.

Abstract

Objectives

The zirconia–resin bond strength was enhanced using novel engineered zirconia primers in combination with selective infiltration etching as a surface pre-treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of artificial aging on the chemical stability of the established bond and to understand the activation mechanism of the used primers.

Methods

Selective infiltration etched zirconia discs (Procera; NobelBiocare) were coated with one of four novel engineered zirconia primers containing reactive monomers and were bonded to resin-composite discs (Panavia F2.0). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was carried out to examine the chemical activation of zirconia primers from mixing time and up to 60min. The bilayered specimens were cut into microbars (1mm² in cross-section area) and zirconia–resin microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was evaluated immediately and after 90 days of water storage at 37°C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the fracture surface.

Results

There was a significant drop in MTBS values after 90 days of water storage for all tested zirconia primers from ca. 28–41MPa to ca. 15–18MPa after completion of artificial aging. SEM revealed increase in percentage of interfacial failure after water storage. FTIR spectra suggested adequate activation of the experimental zirconia primers within 1h of mixing time.

Significance

The novel engineered zirconia primers produced initially high bond strength values which were significantly reduced after water storage. Long-term bond stability requires developing more stable primers.

Keywords: Zirconia, Primers, Microtensile bond strength, Dental cements, Silanes