Dental Materials
Volume 25, Issue 1 , Pages 26-32, January 2009

Effect of propionaldehyde or 2,3-butanedione additives on the mechanical properties of Bis-GMA analog-based composites

This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Sid Kalachandra, who loved ‘polymer science’ and routinely shared his keen wit.

  • Anuradha Prakki

      Affiliations

    • Center for Oral and Systemic Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • ,
  • Patricia Nobrega Rodrigues Pereira

      Affiliations

    • Department of Operative Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Sid Kalachandra

      Affiliations

    • Center for Oral and Systemic Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Biomaterials, Center for Oral and Systemic Diseases, Room 3130, Old Dental Building, School of Dentistry, CB #7455, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7455, USA. Tel.: +1 919 966 4545; fax: +1 919 966 7537.

Received 4 February 2008; received in revised form 27 April 2008; accepted 10 May 2008.

Abstract 

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two additives, propionaldehyde/aldehyde or 2,3-butanedione/diketone, on mechanical properties of Bis-GMA-based composites containing TEGDMA, propoxylated Bis-GMA (CH3Bis-GMA) or propoxylated fluorinated Bis-GMA (CF3Bis-GMA).

Methods

Three control composites, Bis-GMA/diluent monomer (25/75mol%), and six test composites, Bis-GMA/diluent monomer/aldehyde or diketone (17/51/32mol%) were prepared. All composites contained hybrid treated filler (barium aluminosilicate glass/pyrogenic silica; 60wt%), and 0.2wt% each of camphorquinone and N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine. Degree of conversion (DC%), flexural strength (FS), modulus of elasticity (E), modulus of resilience (R) and diametral tensile strength (DTS) were determined. DC% (n=3) was investigated by FT-IR. For FS and E, beam-shaped specimens (25mm×2mm×2mm) were prepared (n=6), stored for 7 days in 37°C deionized water and tested on an Instron utilizing a three-point loading jig (0.5mm/min). The R-values were obtained from the following equation: R=(FS)2/2E. For DTS, cylindrical specimens (4mm×8mm) were prepared (n=6), stored for 7 days in 37°C deionized water and diametrically loaded on an Instron (0.5mm/min). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05).

Results

Incorporation of additives led to an increase in DC%, FS and E for Bis-GMA/TEGDMA and Bis-GMA/CH3Bis-GMA systems. R-values for all systems were unaffected by addition of additives. They had no significant effect on DC% or mechanical properties of Bis-GMA/CF3Bis-GMA.

Significance

The findings correlate with the ability of additives to improve degree of conversion of some composite systems thereby enhancing mechanical properties.

Keywords: Composites, Bis-GMA, Bis-GMA analogs, Diluent monomers, Aldehyde, Diketone

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PII: S0109-5641(08)00131-0

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2008.05.002

Dental Materials
Volume 25, Issue 1 , Pages 26-32, January 2009

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