Effect of air-drying and solvent evaporation on the strength of HEMA-rich versus HEMA-free one-step adhesives

Ikeda, Takatsumi; De Munck, Jan; Shirai, Kenichi; Hikita, Kazuhiro; Inoue, Satoshi; Sano, Hidehiko; Lambrechts, Paul; Van Meerbeek, Bart

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2008.02.009

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Volume 24, Issue 10 , Pages 1316-1323, October 2008

Effect of air-drying and solvent evaporation on the strength of HEMA-rich versus HEMA-free one-step adhesives

Takatsumi Ikeda
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita 13 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Jan De Munck
- Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
Kenichi Shirai
- Division of Cervico-Gnathostomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
Kazuhiro Hikita
- Institute of Medical Science, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 2-5 Ainosato, Kita-ku, Sapporo 002-8072, Japan
Satoshi Inoue
- Division for General Dentistry, Center for Dental Clinics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14 Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Hidehiko Sano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita 13 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
Paul Lambrechts
- Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
Bart Van Meerbeek
- Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +32 16 33 75 87; fax: +32 16 33 27 52.

Received 5 November 2007; received in revised form 18 February 2008; accepted 19 February 2008.

Abstract

Objectives

The objectives of this study were (1) to clarify the relationship between the duration of air-drying of one-step self-etch adhesives (1-SEAs) and the evaporation degree (ED) of solvents, and (2) to evaluate the effect of ED on the ultimate micro-tensile strength (μTS) of the adhesives.

Methods

The ED of one HEMA-rich 1-SEA, Clearfil S³ Bond (Kuraray), and two HEMA-free 1-SEAs, iBond (Heraeus-Kulzer) and G-Bond (GC), was determined without air-drying and after, respectively, 5- and 10-s air-drying using a gravimetric method. Next, the μTS of the adhesives at ED equivalent to 0-, 5- and 10-s air-drying was measured.

Results

The ED increased with extension of air-drying time. Among the adhesives tested, iBond showed the largest ED, followed by G-Bond and Clearfil S³ Bond in this order. A longer air-drying time for 10-s resulted in a statistically significantly higher μTS for the HEMA-rich Clearfil S³ Bond. The μTS of the latter was higher than that of the other two HEMA-free adhesives for each air-drying time.

Significance

Air-drying of 1-SEAs had a significant effect on the degree of solvent evaporation (ED) and also on the mechanical properties (μTS) of the 1-SEAs upon setting. It is therefore beneficial to remove solvents of the 1-SEAs as much as possible by thorough, strong air-drying in order to achieve a strong adhesive layer at the interface.

Keywords: Air-drying, Self-etching, Solvent, Evaporation, Micro-tensile strength, Adhesive, Adhesion